Engineering plastics occupy a very important position in industrial production. However, engineering plastics also have many shortcomings, which restrict their development in the application field. In order to ensure that engineering plastics can continue to maintain a competitive advantage in an increasingly competitive market, relevant companies must modify engineering plastics to adapt to the changing trends of today's market. A detailed study of the key technical issues of engineering plastic modification is conducive to the manufacture of new engineering plastics products from extrusion line manufacturers to meet people's actual needs.
The engineering plastic modification in industrial production mainly aims to plastics that can be used as structural materials, including polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene ether (PPO), etc.
Engineering plastics have many excellent properties and are widely used in industrial production. Engineering plastics have strong chemical stability and are not easily corroded by acids, alkalis and organic solvents. Engineering plastics have obvious shock absorption and sound absorption effects, which can reduce the noise caused by the high-speed rotation of the machinery to a certain extent, thereby creating a good working environment for the relevant staff. In actual industrial production, the single engineering plastic limits its further development in the application field to a certain extent.
To change this situation, engineering plastics must be modified. Engineering modification mainly refers to filling the modified engineering plastics with appropriate modifiers with the help of certain technologies according to actual needs, so as to produce new engineering plastics products with new structural characteristics. Engineering plastic modification is the main way to produce new engineering plastics products, and it has been paid more and more attention by scientific researchers.
From the current point of view, the market demand for engineering plastic products has increased year by year, which means that engineering plastic modification technology in China has been fully recognized by people. The advancement of engineering plastic modification technology is not only conducive to promoting its in-depth development in the application field, but also conducive to broadening more fields.
Issues about surface treatment of filling material. Inorganic powder materials are the main filling materials of plastics. In the process of filling, the particle surface is generally activated first, so that the original hydrophilicity is changed to lipophilicity, so that the particle surface of the inorganic powder material is organic. Through continuous research, scientific researchers have found that the surface treatment technology and treatment effect of particles of filling material have certain reference value for engineering plastic modification.
Recycling of waste composite plastics. With the rapid development of social economy, the number of waste composite plastics imported by plastic extrusion china is also increasing rapidly every year, which promotes the further development of the plastics industry to a certain extent. In order to realize the recycling of waste composite plastics, we should continue to explore and actively develop new technologies, so that waste composite plastics can be directly used without separation.
Quality problem. In the case of the same quality, if the mineral filling material is filled into the engineering plastic material, its volume is only a fraction of that of the engineering plastic. It can be seen that the particles of the filling material will have a certain impact on the quantity of engineering plastic products. While improving the economic benefits of enterprises, if the number of engineering plastic products is reduced, there will be some unnecessary negative effects.
Therefore, before using filling materials, relevant companies should measure the impact of positive and negative effects.
The blending modification. The blending modification of engineering plastics is mainly to mix various engineering plastics, so that the properties of the mixed engineering plastics will change substantially, and finally a new polymer system will be formed. The blending modification methods of engineering plastics mainly include the following five: block copolymerization method, mechanical blending method, graft copolymerization method, reaction blending method, and compatibilization technology. See Table 1.
力学性能:mechanical property
Mechanical blending is the main way to manufacture polymer alloys. It mainly mixes various engineering plastics with the help of twin-screw extruders. Although this method is simple and convenient, it has irreparable limitations. The polymer alloy produced by mixing does not change the original properties, and the compatibilization technology is an improvement to the mechanical blending method.
In fact, polymers are not compatible with each other. Therefore, in order to effectively suppress the separation of blending components when developing polymer alloys, companies processing engineering plastics should add an appropriate amount of compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of engineering plastics. The reaction blending method has high requirements for production toughness.
During the mixing process of engineering plastics, the original polymer will produce graft copolymer or block copolymer under the condition of chemical reaction, and then cross-linking reaction will occur. Whether it is block copolymerization or graft copolymerization method, these two can fully reflect the mechanical properties of the alloy and are the most typical production technology of chemical alloy. However, the cost of block copolymerization and graft copolymerization methods is very high, and these two methods have not been widely recognized by the society, resulting in their very slow development.
The filling modification. The filling modification of engineering plastics is mainly to add an appropriate amount of filling materials into engineering plastics, which not only reduces the cost of raw materials, but also improves the performance of engineering plastics products. From the current point of view, the filling modification methods of engineering plastics can be divided into the following two types:
First, the one-step method. Companies processing engineering plastics should mix the mixed resin and filling material according to a certain proportion until the mixing is uniform, and reasonably apply the corresponding processing technology to the molding processing equipment, skip the intermediate links, and directly complete the mixing of the materials.
Second, the two-step method. Companies processing engineering plastics should mix resin and filling material in a certain proportion, use processing technology to mix engineering plastics, and process the mixed materials into engineering plastic products with the help of molding processing equipment. See Table 2.
纯POM:Pure POM 最佳配方:optimum formula
The filling modification of engineering plastics sucn as through plastic compounding machine can not only effectively improve the mechanical and physical properties of engineering plastics products, but also increase the added value to a certain extent. When filling and modifying the resin, in order to strengthen the relevant mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, impact strength, elastic modulus, etc., processing companies can choose sheet-like or fibrous filling materials.
In order to improve the toughness and rigidity of engineering plastics, processing companies can choose powdered filling materials. Under the premise of not affecting the performance of engineering plastics, filling and modifying engineering plastics can reduce the production cost of companies, which has a positive effect on the sustainable development of companies. Whether it is an organic filling material or an inorganic filling material, the price is much lower than that of the synthetic resin. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost, the synthetic resin can be replaced by the filling material.
The key technical problems in modification are surface treatment of filling material, recycling and quality of waste composite plastics. Engineering plastics can be improved by blending modification and filling modification to meet people's actual needs for the performance of engineering plastics materials.